Oracle SQL for beginners Training Course

Relational Database Models

• Architecture of relational databases
• Types of table relationships
• Database normalization and denormalization
• Relational operators

Data Retrieval

• Guidelines for writing SQL queries
• SELECT statement syntax
• Selecting all columns
• Performing arithmetic operations in queries
• Column aliases
• Use of literals
• String concatenation

Filtering Results

• Utilizing the WHERE clause
• Comparison operators
• LIKE condition
• BETWEEN ... AND condition
• IS NULL condition
• IN condition
• Boolean operators: AND, OR, and NOT
• Combining multiple conditions in the WHERE clause
• Operator precedence
• Using the DISTINCT clause

Data Sorting

• The ORDER BY clause
• Sorting by multiple columns or expressions

SQL Functions

• Distinguishing between single-row and multi-row functions
• Text, numeric, and date functions
• Explicit and implicit data type conversion
• Conversion functions
• Nested functions
• Testing function output using the DUAL table
• Retrieving the current date with SYSDATE
• Handling NULL values

Data Aggregation and Grouping

• Aggregate functions
• Handling of NULL values in aggregate functions
• Creating data groups with the GROUP BY clause
• Grouping by multiple columns
• Filtering group results with the HAVING clause

Multi-Table Data Retrieval

• Types of table joins
• Using NATURAL JOIN
• Table aliases
• Performing joins in the WHERE clause
• INNER JOIN
• Outer joins: LEFT, RIGHT, and FULL OUTER JOIN
• The Cartesian product

Subqueries

• Embedding subqueries in SELECT statements
• Single-row and multi-row subqueries
• Operators for single-row subqueries
• Grouping within subqueries
• Operators for multi-row subqueries: IN, ALL, ANY
• Treatment of NULL values in subqueries

Set Operators

• UNION operator
• UNION ALL operator
• INTERSECT operator
• MINUS operator

Data Manipulation: Insert, Update, and Delete

• INSERT command
• Copying data from other tables
• UPDATE command
• DELETE command
• TRUNCATE command

Transactions

• Managing transactions with COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT

DDL Commands

• Primary database objects
• Naming conventions for objects
• Table creation
• Available data types for columns
• Using the DEFAULT option
• Defining NULL and NOT NULL constraints

Table Management

• Enforcing referential integrity with CHECK, PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, and UNIQUE constraints
• Creating tables from queries
• Dropping tables with DROP TABLE
• Using the DESCRIBE command

Additional Schema Objects

• Sequences
• Synonyms
• Views